TY - JOUR
T1 - A Review on the Development of an Integer System Coupling Forward Osmosis Membrane and Ultrasound Waves for Water Desalination Processes
AU - Al-Sakaji, Bara A.K.
AU - Al-Asheh, Sameer
AU - Maraqa, Munjed A.
N1 - Funding Information:
Funding: The work in this paper was supported, in part, by the Open Access Program from the American University of Sharjah.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
PY - 2022/7/1
Y1 - 2022/7/1
N2 - This review considers the forward osmosis (FO) membrane process as one of the feasible solutions for water desalination. Different aspects related to the FO process are reviewed with an emphasis on ultrasound assisted FO membrane processes. The different types of membranes used in FO are also reviewed and discussed; thus, their configuration, structure and applications are considered. Coupling ultrasound with FO enhances water flux through the membrane under certain conditions. In addition, this review addresses questions related to implementation of an ultrasound/FO system for seawater desalination, such as the impact on fouling, flow configuration, and location of fouling. Finally, the mechanisms for the impact of ultrasound on FO membranes are discussed and future research directions are suggested.
AB - This review considers the forward osmosis (FO) membrane process as one of the feasible solutions for water desalination. Different aspects related to the FO process are reviewed with an emphasis on ultrasound assisted FO membrane processes. The different types of membranes used in FO are also reviewed and discussed; thus, their configuration, structure and applications are considered. Coupling ultrasound with FO enhances water flux through the membrane under certain conditions. In addition, this review addresses questions related to implementation of an ultrasound/FO system for seawater desalination, such as the impact on fouling, flow configuration, and location of fouling. Finally, the mechanisms for the impact of ultrasound on FO membranes are discussed and future research directions are suggested.
KW - concentration polarization
KW - draw solution
KW - forward osmosis
KW - fouling
KW - scaling
KW - seawater
KW - ultrasound
KW - water flux
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U2 - 10.3390/polym14132710
DO - 10.3390/polym14132710
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85133713270
SN - 2073-4360
VL - 14
JO - Polymers
JF - Polymers
IS - 13
M1 - 2710
ER -