Amplified Electrochemiluminescence of the Luminol-Amisulpride System and its Application for the Ultrasensitive Detection of Amisulpride

Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) has emerged as a powerful tool in bioassays due to its unique versatility and controllability, but it is still a challenge to amplify ECL signals without utilizing complex synthetic processes, sophisticated nanomaterials, and catalysts. Herein, a new ECL system with high sensitivity and selectivity is reported for the detection of amisulpride (AMS). The AMS was beneficial for enhancing the weak ECL emission of luminol, wherein co-reaction effect of AMS promoted the generation of superoxide anion radicals (O₂⋅⁻), which significantly improved the ECL efficiency of luminol (emitter). Under the optimized experimental conditions, this anodic ECL system achieved AMS detection (a biphasic curve) with linear concentration ranges of 0.2–5.0 μm and 5.0–100.0 μm. Impressively, the developed system exhibited a low limit of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) of 10.2 nm and 50.5 nm for AMS, respectively. This luminol-based ECL system is further applied for sensitive AMS detection in real (bulk) drug and pharmaceutical tablet form. Moreover, statistical comparison between the developed and comparison method showed good precision and accuracy of the developed method.