Artificial intelligence approaches to autism spectrum disorder screening and diagnosis

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition with rising global prevalence, driven by improved awareness and diagnostic practices. Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial for better outcomes, yet delays persist due to systemic inefficiencies and sociocultural disparities. Artificial Intelligence (AI), including machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL), offers promising tools for accurate and efficient ASD detection, reducing diagnostic delays and human error. AI- driven tools like Canvas Dx and EarliPoint System show high accuracy, while hybrid models and explainable AI (XAI) enhance precision and interpretability. However, ethical concerns and equitable access remain challenges. AI integration can improve early diagnosis, personalized care, and long- term outcomes for individuals with ASD.