BCG vaccination reduces bovine tuberculosis transmission, improving prospects for elimination

Abebe Fromsa; Katriina Willgert; Sreenidhi Srinivasan; Getnet Mekonnen; Wegene Bedada; Balako Gumi; Matios Lakew; Biniam Tadesse; Berecha Bayissa; Asegedech Sirak; Musse Girma Abdela; Solomon Gebre; Tesfaye Chibssa; Maroudam Veerasami; H. Martin Vordermeier; Douwe Bakker; Stefan Berg; Gobena Ameni; Nick Juleff; Mart C.M. de Jong; James Wood; Andrew Conlan; Vivek Kapur

doi:10.1126/science.adl3962

BCG vaccination reduces bovine tuberculosis transmission, improving prospects for elimination

Abebe Fromsa, Katriina Willgert, Sreenidhi Srinivasan, Getnet Mekonnen, Wegene Bedada, Balako Gumi, Matios Lakew, Biniam Tadesse, Berecha Bayissa, Asegedech Sirak, Musse Girma Abdela, Solomon Gebre, Tesfaye Chibssa, Maroudam Veerasami, H. Martin Vordermeier, Douwe Bakker, Stefan Berg, Gobena Ameni, Nick Juleff, Mart C.M. de JongJames Wood, Andrew Conlan, Vivek Kapur

Department of Veterinary Medicine

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

9 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is a routinely used vaccine for protecting children against Mycobacterium tuberculosis that comprises attenuated Mycobacterium bovis. BCG can also be used to protect livestock against M. bovis; however, its effectiveness has not been quantified for this use. We performed a natural transmission experiment to directly estimate the rate of transmission to and from vaccinated and unvaccinated calves over a 1-year exposure period. The results show a higher indirect efficacy of BCG to reduce transmission from vaccinated animals that subsequently become infected [74%; 95% credible interval (CrI): 46 to 98%] compared with direct protection against infection (58%; 95% CrI: 34 to 73%) and an estimated total efficacy of 89% (95% CrI: 74 to 96%). A mechanistic transmission model of bovine tuberculosis (bTB) spread within the Ethiopian dairy sector was developed and showed how the prospects for elimination may be enabled by routine BCG vaccination of cattle.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1433-1441
Number of pages	9
Journal	Science
Volume	383
Issue number	6690
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adl3962
Publication status	Published - Mar 29 2024

ASJC Scopus subject areas

General

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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Fromsa, A., Willgert, K., Srinivasan, S., Mekonnen, G., Bedada, W., Gumi, B., Lakew, M., Tadesse, B., Bayissa, B., Sirak, A., Abdela, M. G., Gebre, S., Chibssa, T., Veerasami, M., Vordermeier, H. M., Bakker, D., Berg, S., Ameni, G., Juleff, N., ... Kapur, V. (2024). BCG vaccination reduces bovine tuberculosis transmission, improving prospects for elimination. Science, 383(6690), 1433-1441. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adl3962

Fromsa, A, Willgert, K, Srinivasan, S, Mekonnen, G, Bedada, W, Gumi, B, Lakew, M, Tadesse, B, Bayissa, B, Sirak, A, Abdela, MG, Gebre, S, Chibssa, T, Veerasami, M, Vordermeier, HM, Bakker, D, Berg, S, Ameni, G, Juleff, N, de Jong, MCM, Wood, J, Conlan, A & Kapur, V 2024, 'BCG vaccination reduces bovine tuberculosis transmission, improving prospects for elimination', Science, vol. 383, no. 6690, pp. 1433-1441. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adl3962

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title = "BCG vaccination reduces bovine tuberculosis transmission, improving prospects for elimination",

abstract = "Bacillus Calmette-Gu{\'e}rin (BCG) is a routinely used vaccine for protecting children against Mycobacterium tuberculosis that comprises attenuated Mycobacterium bovis. BCG can also be used to protect livestock against M. bovis; however, its effectiveness has not been quantified for this use. We performed a natural transmission experiment to directly estimate the rate of transmission to and from vaccinated and unvaccinated calves over a 1-year exposure period. The results show a higher indirect efficacy of BCG to reduce transmission from vaccinated animals that subsequently become infected [74%; 95% credible interval (CrI): 46 to 98%] compared with direct protection against infection (58%; 95% CrI: 34 to 73%) and an estimated total efficacy of 89% (95% CrI: 74 to 96%). A mechanistic transmission model of bovine tuberculosis (bTB) spread within the Ethiopian dairy sector was developed and showed how the prospects for elimination may be enabled by routine BCG vaccination of cattle.",

author = "Abebe Fromsa and Katriina Willgert and Sreenidhi Srinivasan and Getnet Mekonnen and Wegene Bedada and Balako Gumi and Matios Lakew and Biniam Tadesse and Berecha Bayissa and Asegedech Sirak and Abdela, {Musse Girma} and Solomon Gebre and Tesfaye Chibssa and Maroudam Veerasami and Vordermeier, {H. Martin} and Douwe Bakker and Stefan Berg and Gobena Ameni and Nick Juleff and {de Jong}, {Mart C.M.} and James Wood and Andrew Conlan and Vivek Kapur",

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T1 - BCG vaccination reduces bovine tuberculosis transmission, improving prospects for elimination

AU - Fromsa, Abebe

AU - Willgert, Katriina

AU - Srinivasan, Sreenidhi

AU - Mekonnen, Getnet

AU - Bedada, Wegene

AU - Gumi, Balako

AU - Lakew, Matios

AU - Tadesse, Biniam

AU - Bayissa, Berecha

AU - Sirak, Asegedech

AU - Abdela, Musse Girma

AU - Gebre, Solomon

AU - Chibssa, Tesfaye

AU - Veerasami, Maroudam

AU - Vordermeier, H. Martin

AU - Bakker, Douwe

AU - Berg, Stefan

AU - Ameni, Gobena

AU - Juleff, Nick

AU - de Jong, Mart C.M.

AU - Wood, James

AU - Conlan, Andrew

AU - Kapur, Vivek

PY - 2024/3/29

Y1 - 2024/3/29

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BCG vaccination reduces bovine tuberculosis transmission, improving prospects for elimination

Abstract

ASJC Scopus subject areas

UN SDGs

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