Cardioprotective potential of turmeric: Preclinical and clinical evidences

Curcumin is a polyphenol derived from the most widely used spice turmeric, Curumin as well as turmeric both have been reported to exert beneficial effects in atherosclerosis, hypercholesteremia and ischemic-reperfusion injury of the myocardium. In several experimental studies it has been demonstrated a potent cardioprotective agent. It has been reported to be a potential antioxidant and free radiacal scaverger, which reduces free radicals associated jnjuries and oxidation of low density lipo-protein. A part from potent antioxidant activity, its mechanisms of action include inhibition of several cell-singnaling pathways at multiple levels, effects on cellular enzymes such as cycloxygenase and glutathione S=transferases, immuno-modulation and effects on angiogenesis and cell-cell adhesion. Furthemore, it has also been demonstrated to exhibit artiapoptotic, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. These pharmacological effects may explain the perceived benefits derived from treating cardiovascular disease with the herb over the centuries along with potential health promoting properties. The present article mainly focuses on the studies emphasizing its cardioprotective potential and their mechanisms.