TY - JOUR
T1 - Cardiorespiratory Reference Data in Older Adults
T2 - The Generation 100 Study
AU - Stensvold, Dorthe
AU - Bucher Sandbakk, Silvana
AU - Viken, Hallgeir
AU - Zisko, Nina
AU - Reitlo, Line Skarsem
AU - Nauman, Javaid
AU - Gaustad, Svein Erik
AU - Hassel, Erlend
AU - Moufack, Marcel
AU - BrØnstad, Eivind
AU - Aspvik, Nils Petter
AU - Malmo, Vegard
AU - Steinshamn, Sigurd Loe
AU - StØylen, AsbjØrn
AU - Anderssen, Sigmund Alfred
AU - Helbostad, Jorunn L.
AU - Rognmo, Øivind
AU - WislØff, Ulrik
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 by the American College of Sports Medicine.
PY - 2017/11/1
Y1 - 2017/11/1
N2 - Purpose Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is regarded a clinical vital sign, and accurate reference values for all age groups are essential. Little data exist on CRF and cardiorespiratory function in older adults. The aim of this study was to provide normative values for CRF and cardiorespiratory function in older adults, including people with history of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Methods In total, 1537 (769 women) participants age 70 to 77 yr underwent clinical examinations and cardiopulmonary exercise tests. Peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak), ventilation (VEpeak), expiration of carbon dioxide (VVCO2peak), breathing frequency (BFpeak), tidal volume (VTpeak), oxygen pulse (O2 pulsepeak), ventilatory efficiency (EqVO2peak and EqVCO2peak), and 1-min HR recovery were assessed. Results Men compared with women had higher VO2peak (31.3 ± 6.7 vs 26.2 ± 5.0 mL·min-1·kg-1), BFpeak (41.8 ± 8.0 vs 39.7 ± 7.1 breaths per minute), VTpeak (2.3 ± 0.5 vs 1.6 ± 0.3), O2 pulsepeak (16.4 ± 3.2 vs 11.3 ± 2.0), VCO2peak (2.9 ± 0.2 and 1.9 ± 0.1 L·min-1), VEpeak (96.2 ± 21.7 vs 61.1 ± 21.6 L·min-1), EqVO2peak (38.0 ± 6.9 vs 35.1 ± 5.6), and EqVCO2peak (33.5 ± 5.7 vs 31.9 ± 4.5). Women and men with CVD had lower VO2peak (14% and 19%), peak HR (5% and 6%), VEpeak (8% and 10%), VTpeak (7% and 4%), and lower EqVCO2peak (4% and 6%) compared with their healthy counterparts, respectively. Compared with healthy women and men, 1-min HR recovery was 12% and 16% lower for women and men with CVD. Conclusions This study represents the largest reference material on directly measured CRF and cardiorespiratory function in older men and women, with and without CVD. This novel information will help researchers and clinicians to interpret data form cardiopulmonary testing in older adults.
AB - Purpose Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is regarded a clinical vital sign, and accurate reference values for all age groups are essential. Little data exist on CRF and cardiorespiratory function in older adults. The aim of this study was to provide normative values for CRF and cardiorespiratory function in older adults, including people with history of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Methods In total, 1537 (769 women) participants age 70 to 77 yr underwent clinical examinations and cardiopulmonary exercise tests. Peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak), ventilation (VEpeak), expiration of carbon dioxide (VVCO2peak), breathing frequency (BFpeak), tidal volume (VTpeak), oxygen pulse (O2 pulsepeak), ventilatory efficiency (EqVO2peak and EqVCO2peak), and 1-min HR recovery were assessed. Results Men compared with women had higher VO2peak (31.3 ± 6.7 vs 26.2 ± 5.0 mL·min-1·kg-1), BFpeak (41.8 ± 8.0 vs 39.7 ± 7.1 breaths per minute), VTpeak (2.3 ± 0.5 vs 1.6 ± 0.3), O2 pulsepeak (16.4 ± 3.2 vs 11.3 ± 2.0), VCO2peak (2.9 ± 0.2 and 1.9 ± 0.1 L·min-1), VEpeak (96.2 ± 21.7 vs 61.1 ± 21.6 L·min-1), EqVO2peak (38.0 ± 6.9 vs 35.1 ± 5.6), and EqVCO2peak (33.5 ± 5.7 vs 31.9 ± 4.5). Women and men with CVD had lower VO2peak (14% and 19%), peak HR (5% and 6%), VEpeak (8% and 10%), VTpeak (7% and 4%), and lower EqVCO2peak (4% and 6%) compared with their healthy counterparts, respectively. Compared with healthy women and men, 1-min HR recovery was 12% and 16% lower for women and men with CVD. Conclusions This study represents the largest reference material on directly measured CRF and cardiorespiratory function in older men and women, with and without CVD. This novel information will help researchers and clinicians to interpret data form cardiopulmonary testing in older adults.
KW - AGEING
KW - CARDIOPULMONARY EXERCISE TESTING
KW - CARDIORESPIRATORY FITNESS
KW - CARDIORESPIRATORY FUNCTION
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85020618880&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85020618880&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1249/MSS.0000000000001343
DO - 10.1249/MSS.0000000000001343
M3 - Article
C2 - 28598909
AN - SCOPUS:85020618880
SN - 0195-9131
VL - 49
SP - 2206
EP - 2215
JO - Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise
JF - Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise
IS - 11
ER -