Cardiorespiratory Reference Data in Older Adults: The Generation 100 Study

Dorthe Stensvold; Silvana Bucher Sandbakk; Hallgeir Viken; Nina Zisko; Line Skarsem Reitlo; Javaid Nauman; Svein Erik Gaustad; Erlend Hassel; Marcel Moufack; Eivind BrØnstad; Nils Petter Aspvik; Vegard Malmo; Sigurd Loe Steinshamn; AsbjØrn StØylen; Sigmund Alfred Anderssen; Jorunn L. Helbostad; Øivind Rognmo; Ulrik WislØff

doi:10.1249/MSS.0000000000001343

Cardiorespiratory Reference Data in Older Adults: The Generation 100 Study

Dorthe Stensvold, Silvana Bucher Sandbakk, Hallgeir Viken, Nina Zisko, Line Skarsem Reitlo, Javaid Nauman, Svein Erik Gaustad, Erlend Hassel, Marcel Moufack, Eivind BrØnstad, Nils Petter Aspvik, Vegard Malmo, Sigurd Loe Steinshamn, AsbjØrn StØylen, Sigmund Alfred Anderssen, Jorunn L. Helbostad, Øivind Rognmo, Ulrik WislØff

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

34 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Purpose Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is regarded a clinical vital sign, and accurate reference values for all age groups are essential. Little data exist on CRF and cardiorespiratory function in older adults. The aim of this study was to provide normative values for CRF and cardiorespiratory function in older adults, including people with history of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Methods In total, 1537 (769 women) participants age 70 to 77 yr underwent clinical examinations and cardiopulmonary exercise tests. Peak oxygen uptake (VO_2peak), ventilation (V_Epeak), expiration of carbon dioxide (VVCO_2peak), breathing frequency (BF_peak), tidal volume (V_Tpeak), oxygen pulse (O₂ pulse_peak), ventilatory efficiency (EqVO_2peak and EqVCO_2peak), and 1-min HR recovery were assessed. Results Men compared with women had higher VO_2peak (31.3 ± 6.7 vs 26.2 ± 5.0 mL·min^-1·kg^-1), BF_peak (41.8 ± 8.0 vs 39.7 ± 7.1 breaths per minute), V_Tpeak (2.3 ± 0.5 vs 1.6 ± 0.3), O₂ pulse_peak (16.4 ± 3.2 vs 11.3 ± 2.0), VCO_2peak (2.9 ± 0.2 and 1.9 ± 0.1 L·min^-1), V_Epeak (96.2 ± 21.7 vs 61.1 ± 21.6 L·min^-1), EqVO_2peak (38.0 ± 6.9 vs 35.1 ± 5.6), and EqVCO_2peak (33.5 ± 5.7 vs 31.9 ± 4.5). Women and men with CVD had lower VO_2peak (14% and 19%), peak HR (5% and 6%), V_Epeak (8% and 10%), V_Tpeak (7% and 4%), and lower EqVCO_2peak (4% and 6%) compared with their healthy counterparts, respectively. Compared with healthy women and men, 1-min HR recovery was 12% and 16% lower for women and men with CVD. Conclusions This study represents the largest reference material on directly measured CRF and cardiorespiratory function in older men and women, with and without CVD. This novel information will help researchers and clinicians to interpret data form cardiopulmonary testing in older adults.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	2206-2215
Number of pages	10
Journal	Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise
Volume	49
Issue number	11
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000001343
Publication status	Published - Nov 1 2017
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

AGEING
CARDIOPULMONARY EXERCISE TESTING
CARDIORESPIRATORY FITNESS
CARDIORESPIRATORY FUNCTION

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Orthopedics and Sports Medicine
Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation

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10.1249/MSS.0000000000001343

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Stensvold, D., Bucher Sandbakk, S., Viken, H., Zisko, N., Reitlo, L. S., Nauman, J., Gaustad, S. E., Hassel, E., Moufack, M., BrØnstad, E., Aspvik, N. P., Malmo, V., Steinshamn, S. L., StØylen, A., Anderssen, S. A., Helbostad, J. L., Rognmo, Ø., & WislØff, U. (2017). Cardiorespiratory Reference Data in Older Adults: The Generation 100 Study. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 49(11), 2206-2215. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000001343

Stensvold, D, Bucher Sandbakk, S, Viken, H, Zisko, N, Reitlo, LS, Nauman, J, Gaustad, SE, Hassel, E, Moufack, M, BrØnstad, E, Aspvik, NP, Malmo, V, Steinshamn, SL, StØylen, A, Anderssen, SA, Helbostad, JL, Rognmo, Ø & WislØff, U 2017, 'Cardiorespiratory Reference Data in Older Adults: The Generation 100 Study', Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, vol. 49, no. 11, pp. 2206-2215. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000001343

@article{64ca03ae123040c4bb30bfce663ded3c,

title = "Cardiorespiratory Reference Data in Older Adults: The Generation 100 Study",

abstract = "Purpose Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is regarded a clinical vital sign, and accurate reference values for all age groups are essential. Little data exist on CRF and cardiorespiratory function in older adults. The aim of this study was to provide normative values for CRF and cardiorespiratory function in older adults, including people with history of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Methods In total, 1537 (769 women) participants age 70 to 77 yr underwent clinical examinations and cardiopulmonary exercise tests. Peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak), ventilation (VEpeak), expiration of carbon dioxide (VVCO2peak), breathing frequency (BFpeak), tidal volume (VTpeak), oxygen pulse (O2 pulsepeak), ventilatory efficiency (EqVO2peak and EqVCO2peak), and 1-min HR recovery were assessed. Results Men compared with women had higher VO2peak (31.3 ± 6.7 vs 26.2 ± 5.0 mL·min-1·kg-1), BFpeak (41.8 ± 8.0 vs 39.7 ± 7.1 breaths per minute), VTpeak (2.3 ± 0.5 vs 1.6 ± 0.3), O2 pulsepeak (16.4 ± 3.2 vs 11.3 ± 2.0), VCO2peak (2.9 ± 0.2 and 1.9 ± 0.1 L·min-1), VEpeak (96.2 ± 21.7 vs 61.1 ± 21.6 L·min-1), EqVO2peak (38.0 ± 6.9 vs 35.1 ± 5.6), and EqVCO2peak (33.5 ± 5.7 vs 31.9 ± 4.5). Women and men with CVD had lower VO2peak (14% and 19%), peak HR (5% and 6%), VEpeak (8% and 10%), VTpeak (7% and 4%), and lower EqVCO2peak (4% and 6%) compared with their healthy counterparts, respectively. Compared with healthy women and men, 1-min HR recovery was 12% and 16% lower for women and men with CVD. Conclusions This study represents the largest reference material on directly measured CRF and cardiorespiratory function in older men and women, with and without CVD. This novel information will help researchers and clinicians to interpret data form cardiopulmonary testing in older adults.",

keywords = "AGEING, CARDIOPULMONARY EXERCISE TESTING, CARDIORESPIRATORY FITNESS, CARDIORESPIRATORY FUNCTION",

author = "Dorthe Stensvold and {Bucher Sandbakk}, Silvana and Hallgeir Viken and Nina Zisko and Reitlo, {Line Skarsem} and Javaid Nauman and Gaustad, {Svein Erik} and Erlend Hassel and Marcel Moufack and Eivind Br{\O}nstad and Aspvik, {Nils Petter} and Vegard Malmo and Steinshamn, {Sigurd Loe} and Asbj{\O}rn St{\O}ylen and Anderssen, {Sigmund Alfred} and Helbostad, {Jorunn L.} and {\O}ivind Rognmo and Ulrik Wisl{\O}ff",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2017 by the American College of Sports Medicine.",

year = "2017",

month = nov,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1249/MSS.0000000000001343",

language = "English",

volume = "49",

pages = "2206--2215",

journal = "Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise",

issn = "0195-9131",

publisher = "Lippincott Williams and Wilkins",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Cardiorespiratory Reference Data in Older Adults

T2 - The Generation 100 Study

AU - Stensvold, Dorthe

AU - Bucher Sandbakk, Silvana

AU - Viken, Hallgeir

AU - Zisko, Nina

AU - Reitlo, Line Skarsem

AU - Nauman, Javaid

AU - Gaustad, Svein Erik

AU - Hassel, Erlend

AU - Moufack, Marcel

AU - BrØnstad, Eivind

AU - Aspvik, Nils Petter

AU - Malmo, Vegard

AU - Steinshamn, Sigurd Loe

AU - StØylen, AsbjØrn

AU - Anderssen, Sigmund Alfred

AU - Helbostad, Jorunn L.

AU - Rognmo, Øivind

AU - WislØff, Ulrik

PY - 2017/11/1

Y1 - 2017/11/1

N2 - Purpose Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is regarded a clinical vital sign, and accurate reference values for all age groups are essential. Little data exist on CRF and cardiorespiratory function in older adults. The aim of this study was to provide normative values for CRF and cardiorespiratory function in older adults, including people with history of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Methods In total, 1537 (769 women) participants age 70 to 77 yr underwent clinical examinations and cardiopulmonary exercise tests. Peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak), ventilation (VEpeak), expiration of carbon dioxide (VVCO2peak), breathing frequency (BFpeak), tidal volume (VTpeak), oxygen pulse (O2 pulsepeak), ventilatory efficiency (EqVO2peak and EqVCO2peak), and 1-min HR recovery were assessed. Results Men compared with women had higher VO2peak (31.3 ± 6.7 vs 26.2 ± 5.0 mL·min-1·kg-1), BFpeak (41.8 ± 8.0 vs 39.7 ± 7.1 breaths per minute), VTpeak (2.3 ± 0.5 vs 1.6 ± 0.3), O2 pulsepeak (16.4 ± 3.2 vs 11.3 ± 2.0), VCO2peak (2.9 ± 0.2 and 1.9 ± 0.1 L·min-1), VEpeak (96.2 ± 21.7 vs 61.1 ± 21.6 L·min-1), EqVO2peak (38.0 ± 6.9 vs 35.1 ± 5.6), and EqVCO2peak (33.5 ± 5.7 vs 31.9 ± 4.5). Women and men with CVD had lower VO2peak (14% and 19%), peak HR (5% and 6%), VEpeak (8% and 10%), VTpeak (7% and 4%), and lower EqVCO2peak (4% and 6%) compared with their healthy counterparts, respectively. Compared with healthy women and men, 1-min HR recovery was 12% and 16% lower for women and men with CVD. Conclusions This study represents the largest reference material on directly measured CRF and cardiorespiratory function in older men and women, with and without CVD. This novel information will help researchers and clinicians to interpret data form cardiopulmonary testing in older adults.

AB - Purpose Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is regarded a clinical vital sign, and accurate reference values for all age groups are essential. Little data exist on CRF and cardiorespiratory function in older adults. The aim of this study was to provide normative values for CRF and cardiorespiratory function in older adults, including people with history of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Methods In total, 1537 (769 women) participants age 70 to 77 yr underwent clinical examinations and cardiopulmonary exercise tests. Peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak), ventilation (VEpeak), expiration of carbon dioxide (VVCO2peak), breathing frequency (BFpeak), tidal volume (VTpeak), oxygen pulse (O2 pulsepeak), ventilatory efficiency (EqVO2peak and EqVCO2peak), and 1-min HR recovery were assessed. Results Men compared with women had higher VO2peak (31.3 ± 6.7 vs 26.2 ± 5.0 mL·min-1·kg-1), BFpeak (41.8 ± 8.0 vs 39.7 ± 7.1 breaths per minute), VTpeak (2.3 ± 0.5 vs 1.6 ± 0.3), O2 pulsepeak (16.4 ± 3.2 vs 11.3 ± 2.0), VCO2peak (2.9 ± 0.2 and 1.9 ± 0.1 L·min-1), VEpeak (96.2 ± 21.7 vs 61.1 ± 21.6 L·min-1), EqVO2peak (38.0 ± 6.9 vs 35.1 ± 5.6), and EqVCO2peak (33.5 ± 5.7 vs 31.9 ± 4.5). Women and men with CVD had lower VO2peak (14% and 19%), peak HR (5% and 6%), VEpeak (8% and 10%), VTpeak (7% and 4%), and lower EqVCO2peak (4% and 6%) compared with their healthy counterparts, respectively. Compared with healthy women and men, 1-min HR recovery was 12% and 16% lower for women and men with CVD. Conclusions This study represents the largest reference material on directly measured CRF and cardiorespiratory function in older men and women, with and without CVD. This novel information will help researchers and clinicians to interpret data form cardiopulmonary testing in older adults.

KW - AGEING

KW - CARDIOPULMONARY EXERCISE TESTING

KW - CARDIORESPIRATORY FITNESS

KW - CARDIORESPIRATORY FUNCTION

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U2 - 10.1249/MSS.0000000000001343

DO - 10.1249/MSS.0000000000001343

M3 - Article

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AN - SCOPUS:85020618880

SN - 0195-9131

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JO - Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise

JF - Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise

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ER -

Cardiorespiratory Reference Data in Older Adults: The Generation 100 Study

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