Catalytic Hydrogenation of p-Chloronitrobenzene to p-Chloroaniline Mediated by γ-Mo2N

Zainab N. Jaf, Mohammednoor Altarawneh, Hussein A. Miran, Mansour H. Almatarneh, Zhong Tao Jiang, Bogdan Z. Dlugogorski

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

15 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Promoting the production of industrially important aromatic chloroamines over transition-metal nitrides catalysts has emerged as a prominent theme in catalysis. This contribution provides an insight into the reduction mechanism of p-chloronitrobenzene (p-CNB) to p-chloroaniline (p-CAN) over the γ-Mo2N(111) surface by means of density functional theory calculations. The adsorption energies of various molecularly adsorbed modes of p-CNB were computed. Our findings display that, p-CNB prefers to be adsorbed over two distinct adsorption sites, namely, Mo-hollow face-centered cubic (fcc) and N-hollow hexagonal close-packed (hcp) sites with adsorption energies of -32.1 and -38.5 kcal/mol, respectively. We establish that the activation of nitro group proceeds through direct pathway along with formation of several reaction intermediates. Most of these intermediaries reside in a significant well-depth in reference to the entrance channel. Central to the constructed mechanism is H-transfer steps from fcc and hcp hollow sites to the NO/-NH groups through modest reaction barriers. Our computed rate constant for the conversion of p-CNB correlates very well with the experimental finding (0.018 versus 0.033 s-1 at ∼500 K). Plotted species profiles via a simplified kinetics model confirms the experimentally reported high selectivity toward the formation of p-CAN at relatively low temperatures. It is hoped that thermokinetics parameters and mechanistic pathways provided herein will afford a molecular level understanding for γ-Mo2N-mediated conversion of halogenated nitrobenzenes into their corresponding nitroanilines; a process that entails significant industrial applications.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)14380-14391
Number of pages12
JournalACS Omega
Volume3
Issue number10
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Oct 30 2018
Externally publishedYes

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • General Chemistry
  • General Chemical Engineering

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