Comparison between Silicon and Gallium Solar Cells for Mini PV Systems based on Life Cycle Analysis

The life cycle analysis is a good way of presenting the best type of product to the consumer and the environment as well. Solar panels are one of the most important sources of renewable energy. This paper investigates the life cycle analysis (LCA) for solar PV panels. The reference panel specifications were taken from a company which manufactures PV in China. The reference cell material, manufacturing process, maintenance, transport, disposal, and End of Life (EOL) potential were studied. The results for the reference cell were discussed to design the modified cell and improve the performance of the panel in terms of the three main elements of the life cycle mentioned above. Then, it will be compared to the life cycle of a modified panel. The analysis focuses on three main elements: energy consumption, CO2 footprint, and cost. The materials used, the maintenance, the transportation, the manufacturing processes, the disposal, and the EOL potential will be discussed in detail for both systems. Finally, a comparison which shows the reduction of the negative effects on the consumer and the environment will be reached. We noticed that the material affects most of the cost and the CO2 footprint. Comparing the material with our modified cell, we obtained a high reduction in the cost of the material, which led to savings.