DDGP: Distributed Data Gathering Protocol for vehicular networks

Vehicular Ad-Hoc Network (VANet) is an emerging research area, it offers a wide range of applications including safety, road traffic efficiency, and infotainment applications. Recently researchers are studying the possibility of making use of deployed VANet applications for data collection. In this case, vehicles are considered as mobile collectors that gather both real time and delay tolerant data and deliver them to interested entities. In this paper, we propose a novel Distributed Data Gathering Protocol (DDGP) for the collection of delay tolerant as well as real time data in both urban and highway environments. The main contribution of DDGP is a new medium access technique that enables vehicles to access the channel in a distributed way based on their location information. In addition, DDGP implements a new aggregation scheme, which deletes redundant, expired, and undesired data. We provide an analytical proof of correctness of DDGP, in addition to the performance evaluation through an extensive set of simulation experiments. Our results indicate that DDGP enhances the efficiency and the reliability of the data collection process by outperforming existing schemes in terms of several criteria such as delay and message overhead, aggregation ratio, and data retransmission rate.