Despite initial recovery of GFR, long-term renal functions deteriorate following short periods of unilateral ureteral obstruction

Following the release of short periods of unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO), glomerular filtration rate (GFR) recovers by time. However, research in experimental animal models has demonstrated the presence of an ongoing element of renal interstitial fibrosis a few weeks following UUO reversal. Interstitial fibrosis can cause deterioration in GFR, and it is not known whether it leads to an ongoing slow deterioration in other renal functions despite the apparent initial recovery postreversal. To investigate this, rats underwent a 72-h reversible UUO. Renal functions of nonobstructed and previously obstructed kidneys were measured 1, 4, and 18 mo postreversal. GFR in nonobstructed and previously obstructed kidneys was similar up to 18 mo postreversal. However, there was ongoing tubulointerstitial fibrosis, and the degree of tubular atrophy and dilatation deteriorated by time. This was associated with an increase in urinary albumin leakage and alterations in renal injury markers, proinflammatory and profibrotic cytokines, and p53 from 4 mo onward despite the recovery in GFR. In conclusion, several aspects of renal functions continue to deteriorate following reversal of relatively short periods of UUO despite the initial recovery in GFR. This might stimulate further research in this area and might have clinical implications in terms of determining the best time for intervention following acute ureteral obstruction and long-term monitoring of these individuals.