Differential Game for Resource Allocation in Energy Harvesting Wireless Sensor Networks

In this paper, we consider power control and data scheduling in an Energy Harvesting (EH) multi-hop Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) using Differential Game (DG) framework. The network consists of M sensor nodes aiming to send their data to a sink node. Each sensor node has a battery of limited capacity to save the harvested energy and a buffer of limited size to store both the sensed and relayed data from neighboring nodes. Each sensor node can exchange information within its neighborhood using single-hop transmission. Our goal is to develop a distributed algorithm that adaptively changes the transmitted data and power according to the traffic load and available energy such that the sensed data are received at the sink node. DG framework is proposed to efficiently utilize the available harvested energy and balance the buffer of all sensor nodes. The solution is obtained based on the open-loop receding horizon Nash equilibrium. Simulation results demonstrate the merits of the proposed solution.