DIRECT AND INDIRECT USES OF GEOTHERMAL ENERGY

Today, the world depends mainly on fossil fuels and actively promotes them. Unfortunately, pollution from fossil fuels as a primary power source and electricity has reached new peaks, ranging from climate-damaging greenhouse gases to health-threatening particles. As a result, different energy sources must be implemented. Since 2011, renewable energy has grown faster than all other electricity resources. Renewable energy efficiency is determined by the resource utilized. Some green energy options, such as geothermal energy, are more available and effective than others and are beneficial in some regions but not in others due to accessibility. The heat from the earth's subsurface is known as geothermal energy. It's present in rocks and fluids underneath the earth's shell, down to the heated molten rock below the surface. Drilling a well into a subterranean reservoir up to a mile or deeper is the first step in gaining access to geothermal resources. This paper introduces two primary utilization of geothermal energy: the direct use of geothermal energy for heating and cooling applications via a geothermal heat pump and indirect geothermal energy that is employed to generate power and electricity, such as in dry steam, single and double flash, and binary cycle power plants.