TY - JOUR
T1 - Dyadic hostility, tourism, and regional trade agreements
AU - Okafor, Luke
AU - Khalid, Usman
AU - Sooriyarachchi, Dulashini
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
PY - 2022
Y1 - 2022
N2 - This study uses a gravity approach to investigate the effect of dyadic hostility levels on bilateral tourism flows and determine whether regional trade agreements (RTAs) attenuate the link between dyadic hostility levels and tourism flows. We used a balanced panel dataset of 189 destination countries, 200 origin countries, and 16,059 country-pairs from 2005 through 2015. The results show that while low-level dyadic hostility suppresses international tourism flows, its effect is often weak or statistically insignificant. However, the analysis shows strong evidence that high-level dyadic hostility dampens tourism flows across a range of model specifications. Furthermore, the results indicate that RTA membership helps to reverse the negative effect of both low and high levels of dyadic hostility on tourism flows.
AB - This study uses a gravity approach to investigate the effect of dyadic hostility levels on bilateral tourism flows and determine whether regional trade agreements (RTAs) attenuate the link between dyadic hostility levels and tourism flows. We used a balanced panel dataset of 189 destination countries, 200 origin countries, and 16,059 country-pairs from 2005 through 2015. The results show that while low-level dyadic hostility suppresses international tourism flows, its effect is often weak or statistically insignificant. However, the analysis shows strong evidence that high-level dyadic hostility dampens tourism flows across a range of model specifications. Furthermore, the results indicate that RTA membership helps to reverse the negative effect of both low and high levels of dyadic hostility on tourism flows.
KW - conflict resolution
KW - Dyadic hostility
KW - gravity framework
KW - international tourism flows
KW - regional trade agreement
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85144265186&partnerID=8YFLogxK
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U2 - 10.1080/13683500.2022.2151419
DO - 10.1080/13683500.2022.2151419
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85144265186
JO - Current Issues in Tourism
JF - Current Issues in Tourism
SN - 1368-3500
ER -