Energy Efficient Localization Algorithm with Improved Accuracy in Cognitive Radio Networks

An energy efficient localization algorithm with high accuracy for the cognitive radio networks (CRNs) is proposed in this letter. The key idea underlying this proposed algorithm is to provide the optimal transmission range for secondary users (SUs) to minimize the power consumption of the overall CRNs. Since energy efficiency is a key factor to consider in designing a node in the CRNs, location information of primary users (PUs) and SUs is valuable to calculate the optimal transmission range so that a spectrally efficient CRN can opportunistically take advantage of the spectrum with no or little interference to the PUs. In addition, the optimal positions of the SUs with known location are determined to improve the final localization accuracy for the whole CRN, which enables the optimal transmission range to be obtained. Thereby, the users in the CRN are localized with minimum energy consumption for a given target root mean square error. Simulation results validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm by showing the optimal transmission range for various number of users in the network.