GC-MS assisted phytoactive chemical compounds identification and profiling with mineral constituents from biologically active extracts of Aerva javanica (Burm. f) Juss. ex Schult

Aerva javanica (Burm. f) Juss. ex Schult. (Family: Amaranthaceae) family is one of the traditional medicinal plant growing in the United Arab Emirates. Apart from studies related to some medicinal properties, phytochemical, GC MS compound characterization and biological activities still to be investigated. An experiment was conducted to determine the possible bioactive components with their chemical structures and elucidation of phytochemicals from the aerial parts of the plant. The macro and micro-mineral constituents and antioxidant activities were also evaluated. Aerial parts of A. javanica were extracted sequentially with hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, acetone, methanol by cold percolation method. Free radical scavenging and antioxidant properties of methanolic extract were evaluated by using in vitro antioxidant assays such as hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals, superoxide radical scavenging activity and ABTS radical scavenging activity. Primary phytochemical and micro-macro element was tested using standard protocol. The chemical characterization was done with the help of Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), and the mass spectra of the total compounds in the extract were matched with the National Institute of Standard and Technology (NIST) library. Mineral constituents were identified and estimated by ICP-OES. Ninety-nine metabolites were obtained by GC-MS anslysis; indole was found to be major components followed by 2-Chlorallyl diethyldithiocarbamate (CDEC), Carbaril, Bis(2- ethylhexyl) phthalate, Quinoline, 4H-Cyclopenta[def]phenanthrene,2-[Bis(2-chloroethylamino)]-tetrahydro-2H-1,3,2- oxazaphosphorine-2-oxide, Phenobarbital, 1H-Indole, 2-methyl-, 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin Disulfide, diphenyl. The presence of various bioactive compounds in the extract validates the traditional medicinal uses of this plant.