TY - JOUR
T1 - GENETIC DIVERSITY ASSESSMENT OF SELECTED RICE (ORYZA SATIVA L.) GENOTYPES USING MORPHOLOGICAL TRAITS IN PAKISTAN
AU - Khan, S. U.
AU - Noreen, R.
AU - Shakeel, M.
AU - Rabbani, M. A.
AU - Law, D.
AU - Khan, N. U.
AU - Bashir, S.
AU - Sheteiwy, M. S.
AU - Elsadek, M. F.
AU - Al-Numair, K. S.
AU - Tan, D. K.Y.
AU - Yasin, M.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2025, ALÖKI Kft., Budapest, Hungary.
PY - 2025
Y1 - 2025
N2 - Pakistan has occupied a prominent place among the world’s high-quality rice producing and exporting countries. To improve the quality and value of exported rice, it is necessary to identify various genotypes of crop species when releasing new crop varieties, registering newly developed genotypes, characterizing various genotypes of wild relatives, and determining the purity of the cultivars. This study aimed to investigate the diversity between 74 genotypes from the indica, japonica, and aromatic (basmati) rice varieties from different regions in Pakistan based on morphological traits. Genetic diversity was determined using morphological characteristics. A significant degree of variability was observed across commercial and primitive genotypes, for several evaluated morphological features. The extent of variation was different among morphological traits. The maximum plant height (154 cm) was observed for Basmati-217 and panicle length (35.6 cm) were observed for PK386. The highest numbers of primary branches per panicle were observed in PAU-201 (15.2) and number of tillers per plant was noted in Nipponbare (34.6). Basmati-Pak showed highest paddy grain length (10.8 mm) and grain weight per plant (63 g) was noted in DR83. Days to heading, days to maturity, plant height, and grain yield per plant showed the most variation. Relatively, low level of variability was observed for flag leaf width, primary branches per panicle and grain traits including grain length, width, and weight. Grain characteristics, days to heading, maturity and other functionally associated morphological parameters showed a highly significant level of correlation (+/-**) with each other. With very few exceptions, all local, exotic, and primitive cultivars were phenotypically categorized into two major groups (1 and 2). These groups were further subdivided into two subgroups A/B and C/D, which corresponded to the types of indica rice grown in Pakistan: aromatic (basmati) and non-aromatic (non-basmati). The cultivars’ clustering revealed no pattern of correlation between the morphological traits and the cultivars’ place of origin. Cultivar groupings were linked to the kind of indica rice grown in different parts of Pakistan and their morphological resemblances.
AB - Pakistan has occupied a prominent place among the world’s high-quality rice producing and exporting countries. To improve the quality and value of exported rice, it is necessary to identify various genotypes of crop species when releasing new crop varieties, registering newly developed genotypes, characterizing various genotypes of wild relatives, and determining the purity of the cultivars. This study aimed to investigate the diversity between 74 genotypes from the indica, japonica, and aromatic (basmati) rice varieties from different regions in Pakistan based on morphological traits. Genetic diversity was determined using morphological characteristics. A significant degree of variability was observed across commercial and primitive genotypes, for several evaluated morphological features. The extent of variation was different among morphological traits. The maximum plant height (154 cm) was observed for Basmati-217 and panicle length (35.6 cm) were observed for PK386. The highest numbers of primary branches per panicle were observed in PAU-201 (15.2) and number of tillers per plant was noted in Nipponbare (34.6). Basmati-Pak showed highest paddy grain length (10.8 mm) and grain weight per plant (63 g) was noted in DR83. Days to heading, days to maturity, plant height, and grain yield per plant showed the most variation. Relatively, low level of variability was observed for flag leaf width, primary branches per panicle and grain traits including grain length, width, and weight. Grain characteristics, days to heading, maturity and other functionally associated morphological parameters showed a highly significant level of correlation (+/-**) with each other. With very few exceptions, all local, exotic, and primitive cultivars were phenotypically categorized into two major groups (1 and 2). These groups were further subdivided into two subgroups A/B and C/D, which corresponded to the types of indica rice grown in Pakistan: aromatic (basmati) and non-aromatic (non-basmati). The cultivars’ clustering revealed no pattern of correlation between the morphological traits and the cultivars’ place of origin. Cultivar groupings were linked to the kind of indica rice grown in different parts of Pakistan and their morphological resemblances.
KW - cluster analysis
KW - food production
KW - multivariate analysis
KW - phenotypic diversity
KW - principal component analysis
KW - quantitative traits
KW - rice varieties
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=105007759719&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=105007759719&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.15666/aeer/2303_52535281
DO - 10.15666/aeer/2303_52535281
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:105007759719
SN - 1589-1623
VL - 23
SP - 5253
EP - 5281
JO - Applied Ecology and Environmental Research
JF - Applied Ecology and Environmental Research
IS - 3
ER -
