Ladle slag characteristics and use in mortar and concrete: A comprehensive review

Engineering & Materials Science

• Ladles 100%
• Mortar 82%
• Slags 80%
• Concretes 55%
• Cements 42%
• Concrete industry 14%
• Self compacting concrete 13%
• Gypsum 12%
• Natural resources 12%
• Byproducts 10%
• Construction industry 10%
• Gas emissions 10%
• Greenhouse gases 10%
• Curing 9%
• Binders 9%
• Durability 8%
• Microstructure 6%
• Steel 5%
• Temperature 4%

Business & Economics

• Cement 94%
• Replacement 31%
• Construction Industry 23%
• Milling 22%
• Microstructure 20%
• Recycle 19%
• Durability 19%
• Natural Resources 17%
• Environmental Concern 17%
• Greenhouse Gas Emissions 16%
• Disposal 16%
• Steel 15%
• Temperature 15%
• Compromise 15%
• Research Directions 14%
• Performance 6%
• Industry 5%

Earth & Environmental Sciences

• mortar 84%
• slag 77%
• cement (construction material) 39%
• replacement 16%
• construction industry 12%
• sieving 12%
• durability 9%
• gypsum 9%
• greenhouse gas emissions 9%
• byproduct 8%
• state of the art 8%
• natural resource 8%
• material 8%
• microstructure 7%
• steel 7%
• consumption 7%
• industry 6%
• temperature 3%
• effect 2%