TY - JOUR
T1 - Milk and meat consumption patterns and the potential risk of zoonotic disease transmission among urban and peri-urban dairy farmers in Ethiopia
AU - The ETHICOBOTS consortium
AU - Deneke, Tilaye Teklewold
AU - Bekele, Adam
AU - Moore, Henrietta L.
AU - Mamo, Tadele
AU - Almaw, Gizat
AU - Mekonnen, Getnet Abie
AU - Mihret, Adane
AU - Tschopp, Rea
AU - Yeheyis, Likawent
AU - Hodge, Catherine
AU - Wood, James L.N.
AU - Berg, Stefan
AU - Aseffa, Abraham
AU - Tessema, Bamlak
AU - Belachew, Bizuneh
AU - Fekadu, Eshcolewyene
AU - Melese, Fantanesh
AU - Gemechu, Gizachew
AU - Taye, Hawult
AU - Haile, Shewit
AU - Ayalew, Sosina
AU - Hailu, Tsegaye
AU - Yirga, Chilot
AU - Ambaw, Mulualem
AU - Solomon, Tesfaye
AU - Teklewold, Tilaye
AU - Gebre, Solomon
AU - Gari, Getachew
AU - Sahle, Mesfin
AU - Aliy, Abde
AU - Olani, Abebe
AU - Sirak, Asegedech
AU - Mekonnen, Getnet
AU - Tamiru, Mekdes
AU - Guta, Sintayehu
AU - Wood, James
AU - Conlan, Andrew
AU - Clarke, Alan
AU - Smith, Constance
AU - Hewinson, R. Glyn
AU - Vordermeier, Martin
AU - Nunez-Garcia, Javier
AU - Ameni, Gobena
AU - Bayissa, Berecha
AU - Zewude, Aboma
AU - Worku, Adane
AU - Terfassa, Lemma
AU - Chanyalew, Mahlet
AU - Mohammed, Temesgen
AU - Zeleke, Miserach
N1 - Funding Information:
The Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, the Department for International Development, and the Economic and Social Research Council funded this work. The Medical Research Council, the Natural Environment Research Council and the Defense Science & Technology Laboratory were also part of the funding. The funding was under the Zoonoses and Emerging Livestock Systems (ZELS) Programme, ref.: BB/L018977/1. SB was also partly funded by the Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs, United Kingdom, ref.: TBSE3294.
Funding Information:
The members of the Ethiopia Control of Bovine Tuberculosis Strategies (ETHICOBOTS) consortium are: Abraham Aseffa, Adane Mihret, Bamlak Tessema, Bizuneh Belachew, Eshcolewyene Fekadu, Fantanesh Melese, Gizachew Gemechu, Hawult Taye, Rea Tschopp, Shewit Haile, Sosina Ayalew, Tsegaye Hailu, all from Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Ethiopia; Rea Tschopp from Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Switzerland; Adam Bekele, Chilot Yirga, Mulualem Ambaw, Tadele Mamo, Tesfaye Solomon, all from Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Ethiopia; Tilaye Teklewold from Amhara Regional Agricultural Research Institute, Ethiopia; Solomon Gebre, Getachew Gari, Mesfin Sahle, Abde Aliy, Abebe Olani, Asegedech Sirak, Gizat Almaw, Getnet Mekonnen, Mekdes Tamiru, Sintayehu Guta, all from National Animal Health Diagnostic and Investigation Center, Ethiopia; James Wood, Andrew Conlan, Alan Clarke, all from Cambridge University, United Kingdom; Henrietta L. Moore and Catherine Hodge, both from University College London, United Kingdom; Constance Smith at University of Manchester, United Kingdom; R. Glyn Hewinson, Stefan Berg, Martin Vordermeier, Javier Nunez-Garcia, all from Animal and Plant Health Agency, United Kingdom; Gobena Ameni, Berecha Bayissa, Aboma Zewude, Adane Worku, Lemma Terfassa, Mahlet Chanyalew, Temesgen Mohammed, Miserach Zeleke, all from Addis ababa University, Ethiopia.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022, The Author(s).
PY - 2022/12
Y1 - 2022/12
N2 - Background: In the Ethiopian dairy farming system, prevalence of zoonotic diseases such as bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is high in the cattle population. This, combined with some risky milk and meat consumption habits, such as raw milk and uninspected raw meat consumption, poses a considerable risk of zoonotic disease transmission. A survey was conducted to investigate milk and meat consumption patterns, and the level of exposure to urban and peri-urban dairy-keeping households for risks of zoonotic disease transmission. Methods: Data on milk and meat consumption behaviours and other socioeconomic and demographic variables were collected from 480 urban and peri-urban dairy farms randomly surveyed in major towns in Ethiopia (Mekele, Hawassa, and Gondar towns, Addis Ababa city, as well as five Oromia towns around Addis Ababa). Determinants of raw milk consumption associated with a number of demographic and socio-economic factors were analysed using a generalised ordered logistic model. Results: The results indicated that about 20% the population consumed raw milk and their awareness about pasteurisation and its benefits were low. Location, gender of the household head, previous bTB testing of cattle on the farm, knowledge of zoonotic risks associated with raw milk consumption, household size, and per-capita milk consumption were found to be important determinants of the frequency of raw milk consumption. About 60% of the respondents were exposed to the risk of zoonotic diseases through their habit of frequently consuming raw meat. This was despite that over 90% of the respondents were aware of possible zoonotic risks of raw meat consumption. The determinants of raw meat consumption behaviours were associated with location, gender and age of the household head, household size, meat type preference, per-capita meat consumption, knowledge about disease transmission risks, and training on zoonoses. Conclusion: Creating awareness about the risk factors for zoonotic transmission of diseases through training and media campaigns, improving meat hygiene through better abattoir services, and inducing behavioural change around meat sourcing, raw meat and raw milk consumption, are all crucial to the successful prevention and control of the spread of zoonotic diseases, including bTB.
AB - Background: In the Ethiopian dairy farming system, prevalence of zoonotic diseases such as bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is high in the cattle population. This, combined with some risky milk and meat consumption habits, such as raw milk and uninspected raw meat consumption, poses a considerable risk of zoonotic disease transmission. A survey was conducted to investigate milk and meat consumption patterns, and the level of exposure to urban and peri-urban dairy-keeping households for risks of zoonotic disease transmission. Methods: Data on milk and meat consumption behaviours and other socioeconomic and demographic variables were collected from 480 urban and peri-urban dairy farms randomly surveyed in major towns in Ethiopia (Mekele, Hawassa, and Gondar towns, Addis Ababa city, as well as five Oromia towns around Addis Ababa). Determinants of raw milk consumption associated with a number of demographic and socio-economic factors were analysed using a generalised ordered logistic model. Results: The results indicated that about 20% the population consumed raw milk and their awareness about pasteurisation and its benefits were low. Location, gender of the household head, previous bTB testing of cattle on the farm, knowledge of zoonotic risks associated with raw milk consumption, household size, and per-capita milk consumption were found to be important determinants of the frequency of raw milk consumption. About 60% of the respondents were exposed to the risk of zoonotic diseases through their habit of frequently consuming raw meat. This was despite that over 90% of the respondents were aware of possible zoonotic risks of raw meat consumption. The determinants of raw meat consumption behaviours were associated with location, gender and age of the household head, household size, meat type preference, per-capita meat consumption, knowledge about disease transmission risks, and training on zoonoses. Conclusion: Creating awareness about the risk factors for zoonotic transmission of diseases through training and media campaigns, improving meat hygiene through better abattoir services, and inducing behavioural change around meat sourcing, raw meat and raw milk consumption, are all crucial to the successful prevention and control of the spread of zoonotic diseases, including bTB.
KW - Bovine tuberculosis
KW - Consumption
KW - Mycobacterium bovis
KW - Raw meat
KW - Raw milk
KW - Zoonosis
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U2 - 10.1186/s12889-022-12665-4
DO - 10.1186/s12889-022-12665-4
M3 - Article
C2 - 35114957
AN - SCOPUS:85123974425
SN - 1471-2458
VL - 22
JO - BMC Public Health
JF - BMC Public Health
IS - 1
M1 - 222
ER -