Molecular typing and drug sensitivity profiles of M. Tuberculosis isolated from refugees residing in Ethiopia

Abyot Meaza, Getu Diriba, Musse Girma, Ammanuel Wondimu, Getnet Worku, Girmay Medhin, Gobena Ameni, Balako Gumi

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

2 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Background: Refugees in developing countries have poor access to Tuberculosis (TB) care and control services. The understanding of genetic diversity and drug sensitivity patterns of M. tuberculosis (MTB) is important for the TB control program. However, there is no evidence that shows the drug sensitivity profiles and genetic diversity of MTB circulating among refugees residing in Ethiopia. This study aimed to investigate the genetic diversity of MTB strains and lineages, and to identify the drug sensitivity profiles of MTB isolated from refugees residing in Ethiopia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 68 MTB positive cases isolated from presumptive TB refugees from February to August 2021. Data and samples were collected in the refugee camp clinics and both rapid TB Ag detection and region of difference (RD)-9 deletion typing were used to confirm the MTBs. Drug susceptibility test (DST) and molecular typing were done using Mycobacterium Growth Indicator Tube (MGIT) method and spoligotyping respectively. Results: DST and spoligotyping results were available for all 68 isolates. The isolates were grouped into 25 spoligotype patterns, which consisted of 1–31 isolates with 36.8% strain diversity. The international shared type (SIT)25 was predominant spoligotype pattern consisting of 31 (45.6%) isolates, followed by SIT24 comprising 5 (7.4%) isolates. Further investigation showed that 64.7% (44/68) of the isolates were belonged to CAS1-Delhi family and 75% (51/68) of the isolates were belonged to lineage(L)-3. Multi-drug resistance (MDR)-TB was observed only in one isolate (1.5%) for first-line anti-TB drugs and the highest level of mono-resistance, 5.9% (4/68), was observed for PZA(Pyrazinamide). Mono-resistance was observed in 2.9 % (2/68) and while 97.0% (66/68) of the MTB positive cases were susceptible to the second-line anti-TB drugs. Conclusion: The findings are useful evidence for the TB screening, treatment and control in refugee populations and surrounding communities in Ethiopia.

Original languageEnglish
Article number100371
JournalJournal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases
Volume31
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - May 2023

Keywords

  • Drug susceptibility testing
  • M. tuberculosis
  • Refugees
  • Spoligotyping
  • Tuberculosis

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
  • Microbiology (medical)
  • Infectious Diseases

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