Orbital angular momentum based scattering characteristics for foggy atmosphere

In this study, the generalized Lorenz–Mie theory (GLMT) is used to calculate the scattered electromagnetic field components of vortex Bessel beams (VBB) by a foggy atmosphere. The interaction of VBB with scattering particulates is very distinct due to its complex optical fields and orbital angular momentum (OAM). By employing the integral localized approximation (ILA), the beams shape coefficients (BSCs) for VBB are evaluated. To describe the VBB, the BSCs are considered as a crucial part in the GLMT. Numerical results on extinction efficiency, scattering efficiency, absorption efficiency, radiation pressure efficiency, albedo factor, and scattering asymmetry parameter are presented in relation to the OAM mode index. Also, results on generalized Gamma distribution as a function of particle diameter for diverse visibility factors are presented and discussed. Moreover, attenuation associated with advection fog and radiation fog for different OAM mode index versus visibility is explored using GLMT. The computations show that fog attenuation is highly influenced by the OAM mode number. The numerical results dictate distinct signatures regarding VBB that there exists higher transmission of optical VBB propagation in the specific foggy environments. Moreover, this research work has potential applications to study the scattering dynamics of the OAM in marine atmosphere, rainy atmosphere, and environmental optics.