Photodegradation of malachite green and malachite green carbinol under irradiation with different wavelength ranges

A. R. Fischer; P. Werner; K. U. Goss

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.10.019

Photodegradation of malachite green and malachite green carbinol under irradiation with different wavelength ranges

A. R. Fischer, P. Werner, K. U. Goss

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

29 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

The dye malachite green (MG) is used worldwide as a fungicide in aquaculture. It is a toxic substance which in aqueous solutions is partly converted into its non-ionic colorless form (leucocarbinol). The equilibrium between these two forms is pH-dependent (pK=6.9). To assess the photodegradation of MG under sunlight conditions, both species were irradiated separately in aqueous solutions with different pH values (4.0 and 12.0) using various ultraviolet and visible wavelength ranges (UV/VIS). A 700W high-pressure mercury lamp with special filters was used. No artificial photooxidizers such as H₂O₂ or TiO₂ were added. MG leucocarbinol proved to be much more sensitive to irradiation than the dye form. Quantum yields Φ were calculated for some wavelength ranges as follows: MG carbinol: Φ_(280-312nm) is 4.3×10^-3, Φ_(313-410nm) is 5.8×10^-3, and MG dye: Φ_(280-312nm) is 4.8×10^-5, Φ_(313-365nm) is 1.1×10^-5, and Φ_(>365nm) is 0, respectively. Therefore, the solar photolysis of MG is an important sink and primarily depends on the photodegradation of the colorless leucocarbinol. During the irradiation of MG leucocarbinol with wavelengths >365nm, an intermediate was formed which has photocatalytical properties.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	210-214
Number of pages	5
Journal	Chemosphere
Volume	82
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.10.019
Publication status	Published - Jan 2011
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

Malachite green
Photocatalyst
Photodegradation
Quantum yields
Wavelength ranges

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Environmental Engineering
Environmental Chemistry
Chemistry(all)
Pollution
Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis

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10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.10.019

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title = "Photodegradation of malachite green and malachite green carbinol under irradiation with different wavelength ranges",

abstract = "The dye malachite green (MG) is used worldwide as a fungicide in aquaculture. It is a toxic substance which in aqueous solutions is partly converted into its non-ionic colorless form (leucocarbinol). The equilibrium between these two forms is pH-dependent (pK=6.9). To assess the photodegradation of MG under sunlight conditions, both species were irradiated separately in aqueous solutions with different pH values (4.0 and 12.0) using various ultraviolet and visible wavelength ranges (UV/VIS). A 700W high-pressure mercury lamp with special filters was used. No artificial photooxidizers such as H2O2 or TiO2 were added. MG leucocarbinol proved to be much more sensitive to irradiation than the dye form. Quantum yields Φ were calculated for some wavelength ranges as follows: MG carbinol: Φ(280-312nm) is 4.3×10-3, Φ(313-410nm) is 5.8×10-3, and MG dye: Φ(280-312nm) is 4.8×10-5, Φ(313-365nm) is 1.1×10-5, and Φ(>365nm) is 0, respectively. Therefore, the solar photolysis of MG is an important sink and primarily depends on the photodegradation of the colorless leucocarbinol. During the irradiation of MG leucocarbinol with wavelengths >365nm, an intermediate was formed which has photocatalytical properties.",

keywords = "Malachite green, Photocatalyst, Photodegradation, Quantum yields, Wavelength ranges",

author = "Fischer, {A. R.} and P. Werner and Goss, {K. U.}",

note = "Funding Information: The generous financial support by the German Ministry of Education and Research (project Mega Fate II, funding no. 10602067) is gratefully acknowledged.",

year = "2011",

month = jan,

doi = "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.10.019",

language = "English",

volume = "82",

pages = "210--214",

journal = "Chemosphere",

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T1 - Photodegradation of malachite green and malachite green carbinol under irradiation with different wavelength ranges

AU - Fischer, A. R.

AU - Werner, P.

AU - Goss, K. U.

N1 - Funding Information: The generous financial support by the German Ministry of Education and Research (project Mega Fate II, funding no. 10602067) is gratefully acknowledged.

PY - 2011/1

Y1 - 2011/1

N2 - The dye malachite green (MG) is used worldwide as a fungicide in aquaculture. It is a toxic substance which in aqueous solutions is partly converted into its non-ionic colorless form (leucocarbinol). The equilibrium between these two forms is pH-dependent (pK=6.9). To assess the photodegradation of MG under sunlight conditions, both species were irradiated separately in aqueous solutions with different pH values (4.0 and 12.0) using various ultraviolet and visible wavelength ranges (UV/VIS). A 700W high-pressure mercury lamp with special filters was used. No artificial photooxidizers such as H2O2 or TiO2 were added. MG leucocarbinol proved to be much more sensitive to irradiation than the dye form. Quantum yields Φ were calculated for some wavelength ranges as follows: MG carbinol: Φ(280-312nm) is 4.3×10-3, Φ(313-410nm) is 5.8×10-3, and MG dye: Φ(280-312nm) is 4.8×10-5, Φ(313-365nm) is 1.1×10-5, and Φ(>365nm) is 0, respectively. Therefore, the solar photolysis of MG is an important sink and primarily depends on the photodegradation of the colorless leucocarbinol. During the irradiation of MG leucocarbinol with wavelengths >365nm, an intermediate was formed which has photocatalytical properties.

AB - The dye malachite green (MG) is used worldwide as a fungicide in aquaculture. It is a toxic substance which in aqueous solutions is partly converted into its non-ionic colorless form (leucocarbinol). The equilibrium between these two forms is pH-dependent (pK=6.9). To assess the photodegradation of MG under sunlight conditions, both species were irradiated separately in aqueous solutions with different pH values (4.0 and 12.0) using various ultraviolet and visible wavelength ranges (UV/VIS). A 700W high-pressure mercury lamp with special filters was used. No artificial photooxidizers such as H2O2 or TiO2 were added. MG leucocarbinol proved to be much more sensitive to irradiation than the dye form. Quantum yields Φ were calculated for some wavelength ranges as follows: MG carbinol: Φ(280-312nm) is 4.3×10-3, Φ(313-410nm) is 5.8×10-3, and MG dye: Φ(280-312nm) is 4.8×10-5, Φ(313-365nm) is 1.1×10-5, and Φ(>365nm) is 0, respectively. Therefore, the solar photolysis of MG is an important sink and primarily depends on the photodegradation of the colorless leucocarbinol. During the irradiation of MG leucocarbinol with wavelengths >365nm, an intermediate was formed which has photocatalytical properties.

KW - Malachite green

KW - Photocatalyst

KW - Photodegradation

KW - Quantum yields

KW - Wavelength ranges

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JO - Chemosphere

JF - Chemosphere

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ER -

Photodegradation of malachite green and malachite green carbinol under irradiation with different wavelength ranges

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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