TY - JOUR
T1 - Prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis among students in three eastern Ethiopian universities
AU - Mekonnen, A.
AU - Collins, J. M.
AU - Aseffa, A.
AU - Ameni, G.
AU - Petros, B.
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported in part by the National Institutes of Health (NIH)/Fogarty International Center Global Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA (D43TW009127) and NIH grants T32 AI074492 and UL1 TR002378 (Georgia Clinical and Translational Science Alliance, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA). The United States Agency for International Development (USAID), through USAID Challenge TB, also supported this study financially under the terms of Agreement AID-OAA-A-14-00029, by the third-round grant of TB Research Advisory Committee (TRAC) and KNCV Tuberculosis Foundation, Addis Ababa. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Conflicts of interest: none declared.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 International Union against Tubercul. and Lung Dis.. All rights reserved.
PY - 2018/10/1
Y1 - 2018/10/1
N2 - SETTINGS: Three universities located in eastern Ethiopia: Haramaya University, Haramaya; Dire-Dawa University, Dire-Dawa; and Jigjiga University, Jigjiga. OBJECTIVES: To determine the burden of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) among university students and to identify risk factors for the development of TB disease. DESIGN: All full-time university students were screened for symptoms of PTB and sputum was collected for acid-fast bacilli (AFB) examination and culture for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. RESULTS: Of 35 344 students screened, we identified 153 PTB cases that occurred over the 1-year study period, or 433/100 000 students. Of these, 117 (76%) PTB cases were found through passive case finding at student health centres, while 36 (24%) previously undiagnosed patients were identified through active case finding. Sixteen cases detected using active case finding (44%) were smear-positive. Living in a dormitory with 75 students and attending university for 72 years were both significantly associated with PTB (adjusted OR 2.49 and 3.79, respectively, P, 0.001). In persons who underwent drug susceptibility testing, 11 (30.5%) had resistance to at least one first-line anti-tuberculosis drug. CONCLUSIONS: We found a high burden of TB among university students in eastern Ethiopia. Screening for PTB upon university admission and at regular intervals should be considered to minimise TB transmission on university campuses.
AB - SETTINGS: Three universities located in eastern Ethiopia: Haramaya University, Haramaya; Dire-Dawa University, Dire-Dawa; and Jigjiga University, Jigjiga. OBJECTIVES: To determine the burden of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) among university students and to identify risk factors for the development of TB disease. DESIGN: All full-time university students were screened for symptoms of PTB and sputum was collected for acid-fast bacilli (AFB) examination and culture for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. RESULTS: Of 35 344 students screened, we identified 153 PTB cases that occurred over the 1-year study period, or 433/100 000 students. Of these, 117 (76%) PTB cases were found through passive case finding at student health centres, while 36 (24%) previously undiagnosed patients were identified through active case finding. Sixteen cases detected using active case finding (44%) were smear-positive. Living in a dormitory with 75 students and attending university for 72 years were both significantly associated with PTB (adjusted OR 2.49 and 3.79, respectively, P, 0.001). In persons who underwent drug susceptibility testing, 11 (30.5%) had resistance to at least one first-line anti-tuberculosis drug. CONCLUSIONS: We found a high burden of TB among university students in eastern Ethiopia. Screening for PTB upon university admission and at regular intervals should be considered to minimise TB transmission on university campuses.
KW - Active case finding
KW - PTB
KW - Prevalence
KW - Students
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U2 - 10.5588/ijtld.18.0029
DO - 10.5588/ijtld.18.0029
M3 - Article
C2 - 30236190
AN - SCOPUS:85053447227
SN - 1027-3719
VL - 22
SP - 1210
EP - 1215
JO - International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
JF - International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
IS - 10
ER -