Purification and characterization of urotensin II and parvalbumin from an elasmobranch fish, Scyliorhinus canicula (common dogfish)

The caudal portion of the spinal cord of elasmobranch fish incorporates a diffuse neuroendocrine system. Using an antiserum raised against urotensin II from a teleost fish (goby) to facilitate purification, a peptide structurally related to urotensin II was isolated in pure form from an extract of neuroendocrine tissue from the spinal cord of the European common dogfish, Scyliorhinus canicula. The primary structure of the peptide was established as: Asn-Asn-Phe-Ser-Asp-Cys-Phe-Trp-Lys-Tyr-Cys-Val. The amino acid sequence was confirmed by chemical synthesis. A comparison of this sequence with those of the known teleost urotensin II peptides shows that the cyclic region of the molecule has been fully conserved between species and suggests that the presence of an acidic residue at position 5 and a hydrophobic residue at position 12 are important features for the biological activity of the peptide. The dogfish spinal cord extract also contained a high concentration of the calcium-binding protein, parvalbumin and the amino acid sequence at its NH₂ terminus [residues (1-50)] was determined.