Recent advancements in CO₂ capture and storage using carbide slag waste: a review of technological and chemical innovations

The rapid industrial waste generation has heightened the environmental strain associated with its disposal. Carbide slag waste, a byproduct of acetylene gas production, is primarily composed of calcium hydroxide and poses significant environmental challenges due to its high volume and alkalinity. This review explores the valorization of carbide slag waste for CO₂ capture and storage, particularly via its applications in cyclic CO₂ capture and mineral carbonation. Scientific advancements in cyclic CO₂ capture capacity and stability with antisintering strategies and pelletization for industrial applications are highlighted. Furthermore, through a detailed analysis of various mineral carbonation studies, new technological and chemical innovations that enhance carbonation efficiency, reduce energy costs, improve reaction kinetics, and enable the production of high-value materials are summarized. Concisely, even though the utilization of carbide slag waste for CO₂ capture and conversion offers a sustainable pathway, it needs to be studied at a larger scale to evaluate its feasibility and associated challenges.