Recent Advances in Functional 2D Materials for Field Effect Transistors and Nonvolatile Resistive Memories

Graphene, an atomistic thin layer of graphite, has revolutionized the field of material science and marked its entry as the first member of the flatland or 2D materials. It offers unprecedented electrical, mechanical, optical, and thermal properties and becomes a focus of intense research for a wide range of applications, particularly for developing advanced electronic devices. The successful synthesis of graphene paved the way to the production of various 2D materials and thus creates a completely new family of 2D materials. However, large scale production of these 2D materials remains an obstacle to overcome their usage in various applications. The inception of functionalized 2D materials through chemical synthesis is among one of the most promising ways to overcome such challenges. Functionalized 2D materials offer promising potential in heterogeneous device integration due to the presence of dangling bonds and the ability to synthesize at low temperatures. In this chapter, a brief overview of 2D materials is presented including their fundamental electronic properties with an emphasis on bandgap tunability and electronic charge transport properties. Recent advances and properties of graphene viz a viz its 2D cousins in field effect transistors and nonvolatile resistive randomâ€access memories have been analyzed. Finally, the future opportunities and challenges for 2D materials have been highlighted.