Smart Traffic Intersections: Leveraging ISAC and Millimeter-Wave for Advanced Vehicle Platooning

Self-driving cars are transforming the transportation industry and driving the development of smart cities. Vehicle platooning, a critical capability of autonomous vehicles, has the potential to improve traffic efficiency significantly. This paper explores the use of Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC) technology with millimeter-wave (mmWave) signals to enhance vehicle platooning efficiency at traffic signal junctions. Key challenges addressed include traffic flow optimization, platoon cohesion, extended clearance times, and accident prevention at intersections. A novel algorithm is proposed to optimize vehicle platoon movements through an intelligent traffic signal system. Performance metrics such as latency, throughput, and bit error rate (BER) are analyzed for Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communication under varying platoon sizes and modulation schemes, including M-PSK and M-QAM. Our results demonstrate that ISAC-based mmWaves systems significantly improve intersection management, enhancing the safety, reliability, and efficiency of platooning operations in urban environments.