Solar Energy Applications

The chapter begins by introducing the sun as the primary and sustainable energy source for our world. It then goes on to discuss its history, key significant properties, and the benefits and drawbacks of using it as an energy source. It provides in-depth knowledge of current developments in science and technology, as well as the growth of solar energy in both developed and developing nations. Through the discussion of various research areas, we examine the many uses of solar energy. We describe the existing solar technologies and types of solar photovoltaic (PV) systems. Photovoltaics is commonly used in different practical applications like large- and small-scale electricity production and photothermal conversion mechanisms. Other applications of solar energy are thermochemical process, air conditioning through water evaporation, artificial photosynthesis, decomposition of waste materials, and production of biofuels. We also discuss the difficulties that smaller and bigger PV installations on the solar power adjusted grid-system face due to transitions and cloud improvement. We talk about recent advances in new solar power technology, which are seen as one of many important answers to the world's growing energy needs. Rapid advancement in the area of solar technology is, however, constrained by a number of technological challenges, including underperforming balance-of-systems, inefficient solar cells, financial constraints, and institutional challenges. We also look at the potential for using solar energy in the future to meet energy demands. In this regard, for the first time scientists have been able to accurately monitor the flow of solar energy into and among the many components of a photosynthetic organism. This achievement marks a significant milestone in the field of biological study. Overall, this chapter offers the most recent and thorough information about present solar energy systems, technologies that are accessible, prospects for solar energy, growth potential, challenges in harnessing solar energy, and future prospect of solar energy to meet the demand of energy requirements. We expect that the material presented here will contribute to the existing literature, so benefiting researchers, scientists, policymakers, and stakeholders.