TY - JOUR
T1 - The effects of furosemide on behavioral and hormonal parameters in male and female mice subjected to immobilization and cold-water stress
AU - Za’abi, Mohammed Al
AU - Ali, Badreldin H.
AU - Suleimani, Yousuf Al
AU - Al-Zakwani, Ibrahim
AU - Al-Fulaiti, Balqees
AU - Manoj, Priyadarsini
AU - Nemmar, Abderrahim
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors are grateful to Professor Gerald Blunden for reading the manuscript. We thank the staff of the Animal House for looking after the animals.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Al Za’abi et al.
PY - 2021
Y1 - 2021
N2 - Introduction: The diuretic agent furosemide (FUR, 25 and 50 mg/kg) has been shown in a single report to act as an anti-stressor agent in two models of acute stress in mice, viz. electric foot–shock stress and immobilization (IMS). The present work aimed to investigate the possible anti-stressor action of FUR on two models of acute stress in mice, cold-water stress (CWS) and IMS, and tried to determine whether gender has any impact on the effect of FUR. Methods: FUR (40 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally, and after 30 minutes, mice were subjected to CWS (4°C for three minutes) or IMS (fixing movement for two and a half hrs using adhesive tape). Motor and exploratory activities, neuromuscular coordination, and thermal nociception were then tested. Blood was collected from the mice and used to measure the concentrations of three stress hormones (corticosterone, epinephrine and prolactin). Results: Mice subjected to CWS and IMS had significantly reduced motor and exploratory activities, neuromuscular coordination, and increased nociception. CWS and IMS also significantly increased the plasma concentrations of the three hormones. FUR pretreatment significantly mitigated these stress-induced hormonal changes. There was no significant sex difference when CWS or IMS was applied. Discussion: IMS and CWS stimuli in male and female mice caused significant elevations in the plasma concentrations of corticosterone, epinephrine, and prolactin, accompanied by a significant reduction of motor and exploratory activities, neuromuscular coordination, and thermal nocicep-tion. There were no sex differences when IMS was applied. In stressed mice, prior administration of FUR (40 mg/kg) significantly decreased the concentrations of stress hormones, and this effect significantly mitigated the stress-induced behavioural and motor changes.
AB - Introduction: The diuretic agent furosemide (FUR, 25 and 50 mg/kg) has been shown in a single report to act as an anti-stressor agent in two models of acute stress in mice, viz. electric foot–shock stress and immobilization (IMS). The present work aimed to investigate the possible anti-stressor action of FUR on two models of acute stress in mice, cold-water stress (CWS) and IMS, and tried to determine whether gender has any impact on the effect of FUR. Methods: FUR (40 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally, and after 30 minutes, mice were subjected to CWS (4°C for three minutes) or IMS (fixing movement for two and a half hrs using adhesive tape). Motor and exploratory activities, neuromuscular coordination, and thermal nociception were then tested. Blood was collected from the mice and used to measure the concentrations of three stress hormones (corticosterone, epinephrine and prolactin). Results: Mice subjected to CWS and IMS had significantly reduced motor and exploratory activities, neuromuscular coordination, and increased nociception. CWS and IMS also significantly increased the plasma concentrations of the three hormones. FUR pretreatment significantly mitigated these stress-induced hormonal changes. There was no significant sex difference when CWS or IMS was applied. Discussion: IMS and CWS stimuli in male and female mice caused significant elevations in the plasma concentrations of corticosterone, epinephrine, and prolactin, accompanied by a significant reduction of motor and exploratory activities, neuromuscular coordination, and thermal nocicep-tion. There were no sex differences when IMS was applied. In stressed mice, prior administration of FUR (40 mg/kg) significantly decreased the concentrations of stress hormones, and this effect significantly mitigated the stress-induced behavioural and motor changes.
KW - Cold-water stress
KW - Corticosterone
KW - Epinephrine
KW - Furosemide
KW - Immobilization stress
KW - Prolactin
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U2 - 10.2147/JEP.S305770
DO - 10.2147/JEP.S305770
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85110621629
SN - 1179-1454
VL - 13
SP - 637
EP - 643
JO - Journal of Experimental Pharmacology
JF - Journal of Experimental Pharmacology
ER -