A hámsejtinvázió szerepe a bakteriális bélfertozések patogenezisében

Various microbial strategies have evolved to secure the survival of bacteria in the intestinal tract. One of the most effective colonisation mechanisms exhibited by several pathogens is the infection of the cells of the host. The most important invasive enteric pathogens are salmonellae, yersiniae, shigellae, and the enteroinvasive Esherichia coli strains. The target cells of these bacteria could be professional phagocytes, M cells and/or epithelial cells of the intestinal tract. These microbes differ from each other in their interaction with their respective target cells, particularly as far as the mechanism of invasion, the microbial factors involved, their genetic background, the receptors on the target cells, and the intracellular fate of the bacteria are concerned. In order to understand the pathogenesis and the clinical picture, and to develop effective therapeutic and preventive measures and diagnostic tools it is necessary to understand the modes and the molecular basis of invasion shown by these pathogens.