The Use of Electrodeposition Technology to Promote Self-Repairing of Cracks in Concrete: A Mini Review

Concrete, hailed for its widespread utility in construction, faces intrinsic challenges, primarily its vulnerability to cracking and subsequent degradation. This chapter reviews the evolving landscape of self-healing concrete strategies, spotlighting autogenous, and autonomous healing methodologies while focusing on the emerging electrodeposition technology. The exploration distinguishes autogenous self-repair, which relies on natural processes like continuous hydration and calcium carbonate formation, from autonomous approaches, which employ engineered additives for immediate crack intervention. Detailed insights into autogenous healing mechanisms unravel the role of continuous hydration and calcium carbonate formation in sealing microcracks, albeit with inconsistent outcomes. Limitations in achieving consistent autogenous healing have propelled research into autonomous methods. Notably, electrodeposition technology emerges as a frontrunner, utilizing controlled currents and engineered compounds to fill cracks and shield the concrete from deterioration. This chapter emphasizes electrodeposition’s efficacy, showcasing studies demonstrating its ability to seal cracks of varying widths by depositing compounds like ZnO, Mg(OH)₂, and CaCO₃. Parameters like current density and immersion solutions significantly influence its efficiency. While promising, the universal application of electrodeposition remains under research, urging further exploration to refine parameters, broaden applicability, and bolster reinforced concrete’s durability. This review encapsulates critical facets of self-healing concrete, particularly highlighting electrodeposition’s potential and ongoing challenges. It aims to pave the way for enhanced concrete resilience and sustainability in construction practices.