TY - JOUR
T1 - Therapeutic lipid target achievements among high and highest risk patients
T2 - Results from the CEPHEUS study in the Arabian Gulf
AU - Al-Rasadi, Khalid
AU - Al-Zakwani, Ibrahim
AU - Al Mahmeed, Wael
AU - Arafah, Mohamed
AU - Al-Hinai, Ali T.
AU - Shehab, Abdullah
AU - Al Tamimi, Omer
AU - Alawadhi, Mahmoud
N1 - Funding Information:
The CEPHEUS project was sponsored by Astra Zeneca. The sponsor had no involvement in the study conception or design; analysis, or interpretation of data; writing, review, or approval of the manuscript; or the decision to submit the manuscript for publication.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2014 All rights reserved: reproduction in whole or part not permitted.
PY - 2014/12/1
Y1 - 2014/12/1
N2 - Objective: To determine lipid target achievements of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) and apolipoprotein B (apo B) in the Centralized Pan-Middle East Survey on the undertreatment of hypercholesterolemia (CEPHEUS) in Arabian Gulf States patients with high and highest risk according to the joint Consensus Statement of the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and American College of Cardiology Foundation (ACC).Methods: CEPHEUS was conducted in patients (≥18 years of age) in six Middle Eastern countries between November 2009 and July 2010 on lipid lowering drugs (LLDs). Serum samples collected included total cholesterol (TC), LDL-C, HDL-C, triglycerides (TGs), apo B, and apolipoprotein A1 (apo A1).Results: The overall mean age of the cohort (n=5275) was 56±13 years, 58% (n=3060) were male and 69% (n=3635) were highest risk. LDL-C target was achieved in 25%, non-HDL-C in 36% and apo B in 38% of patients in the highest risk cohort compared with LDL-C 46%, non-HDL-C 58% and apo B 51% in the high risk group. In patients with TGs ≥2.2 mmol/L, LDL-C target was achieved in 16% and apo B in 15% of patients in the highest risk group compared with LDL-C 32% and apo B 22% in the high risk cohort.Conclusion: Despite being on LLDs, a large proportion of high and highest risk patients in the Arabian Gulf are not at recommended lipid targets and remain at a substantial residual risk for cardiovascular diseases. Apo B may be used as an additional target in patients with triglycerides ≥2.2 mmol/L. The findings should be interpreted in light of the study's limitations.
AB - Objective: To determine lipid target achievements of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) and apolipoprotein B (apo B) in the Centralized Pan-Middle East Survey on the undertreatment of hypercholesterolemia (CEPHEUS) in Arabian Gulf States patients with high and highest risk according to the joint Consensus Statement of the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and American College of Cardiology Foundation (ACC).Methods: CEPHEUS was conducted in patients (≥18 years of age) in six Middle Eastern countries between November 2009 and July 2010 on lipid lowering drugs (LLDs). Serum samples collected included total cholesterol (TC), LDL-C, HDL-C, triglycerides (TGs), apo B, and apolipoprotein A1 (apo A1).Results: The overall mean age of the cohort (n=5275) was 56±13 years, 58% (n=3060) were male and 69% (n=3635) were highest risk. LDL-C target was achieved in 25%, non-HDL-C in 36% and apo B in 38% of patients in the highest risk cohort compared with LDL-C 46%, non-HDL-C 58% and apo B 51% in the high risk group. In patients with TGs ≥2.2 mmol/L, LDL-C target was achieved in 16% and apo B in 15% of patients in the highest risk group compared with LDL-C 32% and apo B 22% in the high risk cohort.Conclusion: Despite being on LLDs, a large proportion of high and highest risk patients in the Arabian Gulf are not at recommended lipid targets and remain at a substantial residual risk for cardiovascular diseases. Apo B may be used as an additional target in patients with triglycerides ≥2.2 mmol/L. The findings should be interpreted in light of the study's limitations.
KW - Apolipoprotein B
KW - Arabs
KW - Cardiovascular disease
KW - Low density lipoprotein cholesterol
KW - Middle East
KW - Triglycerides
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U2 - 10.1185/03007995.2014.965774
DO - 10.1185/03007995.2014.965774
M3 - Article
C2 - 25222765
AN - SCOPUS:84914150237
SN - 0300-7995
VL - 30
SP - 2429
EP - 2435
JO - Current Medical Research and Opinion
JF - Current Medical Research and Opinion
IS - 12
ER -