Abstract
Oxygen-vacancy formation and migration play a critical role in the high performance of CeO2 as a highly promising material for solving the environmental and energy-related issues. However, most of the associated works were directed toward the single or isolated oxygen vacancies. In this contribution, the formation and migration of an oxygen-vacancy cluster in CeO2 have been presented in detail using the Heyd-Scuseria-Ernzerhof hybrid functional method. The results demonstrate that oxygen vacancies exhibit a strong tendency to cluster in the 111 direction of CeO2. The detailed analyses of formation energy reveal the favorability for forming such a vacancy cluster under O-poor conditions. By means of the climbing-image nudged elastic band method and molecular dynamics simulations, the vacancy cluster is found to have a high kinetic stability and low mobility, thus becoming a challenge in achieving high ionic conductivity in CeO2. Attempts have been made to unravel the negative effect of vacancy clustering on ionic conductivity at an atomistic level, and possible means for avoiding or eliminating the vacancy clustering are proposed. The current work has implications for tailoring or optimizing the ionic conductivity in CeO2-based materials or devices for environmentally friendly applications.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 5871-5880 |
Number of pages | 10 |
Journal | Journal of Physical Chemistry C |
Volume | 122 |
Issue number | 11 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - Mar 22 2018 |
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
- General Energy
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
- Surfaces, Coatings and Films